 | Accuracy: the
reproducibility (reliability) of a set of results (more than one) |
| Alkali Metals:
any metal in group one of the periodic table
|
| Alkaline Metals:
any metal in group two of the periodic table
|
| Anion: a negatively charged ion
|
| Atomic Number: the
number of protons (symbol: Z) in an element
|
| Boundary: it is what separates the system from the
surroundings
|
| Cation: a positively charged ion; the cation is
written first in an ionic compound
|
| Concentration (molarity): a term used to represent
the amount of solute per unit of solvent
|
| Electronegativity:
the affinity an atom has for an electron
|
| Empirical Formula:
provides a ratio of each element as combined in a compound |
| Endothermic Reaction:
a chemical reaction in which energy is absorbed from the surroundings
|
| Exothermic Reaction:
a chemical reaction in which energy is lost to the surroundings
(given off as light, heat, etc.)
|
| Extensive Properties:
they depend on the amount of material measured (i.e. mass and volume)
|
| Halogens: any
non-metal in, group seven of the periodic table
|
| Heat Capacity:
the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of a substance
by 1 degree Celsius
|
| Intensive Properties:
they do not depend on the amount of material measured
(i.e. density)
|
| Ionization Energy:
the energy value needed to completely remove an electron from an
element
|
| Isotope: an
isotope of an element has the same number of protons, but a different number
of neutrons (i.e. Deuterium is an isotope of
hydrogen)
|
| Limiting Reactant:
the reactant that limits the amount of products (by running out
before the other reactants) produced in a chemical reaction
|
| Mass Number: the
number of protons and neutrons (symbol: A) of an element
|
| Molar Mass: the
masses obtained from the periodic table and the atomic weights
|
| Molar Heat Capacity:
the amount of energy needed to raise 1 mol of a substance by 1 degree
Celsius
|
| Noble Gases:
any gas in group eight of the periodic table
|
| Percentage Composition:
relates the percentage by mass of each element to each other
|
| Precision: the
closeness of a value (or result) to the accepted (true) value
|
| Specific heat capacity:
the amount of energy needed to raise the temperature of a substance
by 1 degree Celsius per 1 gram of the substance
|
| Surroundings:
everything else in the universe besides what makes up the system
|
| System: the
particular part of the universe that is being studied
|
| Valence:
the combining power of atoms to form bonds (equal to the number of
unpaired electrons) |
